MGHD 2024

Background: Gender-based violence (GBV), rooted in gender norms and power imbalances, is a critical public health issue affecting women’s health. However, it can be curbed by engaging men as allies in GBV prevention programs. Although the Rwandan government and civil society organizations in Rwanda have implemented various interventions, there are still concerns about the extent and effectiveness of men engagement in GBV prevention programs. Given the high prevalence of GBV in Nyagatare despite the presence of GBV prevention programs, this study explored men and local leaders’ perceptions on men’s engagement in GBV prevention activities in Nyagatare district as well as their recommendations for improving such interventions. Method: This qualitative study used purposive sampling to select men, local leaders, and religious leaders for this study. The study included eight In-depth interviews (IDIs) with local leaders to gain insight regarding GBV prevention programs and three focus group discussions (FGDs) consisting of eight men, each in the group, to provide insight on diverse perspectives. In all, 11 interviews were conducted with 32 participants. Results: Key findings revealed four themes that illustrate men’s knowledge on GBV, socio- cultural norms that influence men’s participation in GBV prevention programs, and preferences of men and local leaders to enhance men’s participation in GBV prevention programs: (1) GBV prevention programs have enhanced men's understanding about GBV; (2) Social stigma, culture norms and peer influence as a hinderance to men’s participation in GBV prevention programs; (3) The priority men place on their careers hinders their involvement in gender-based violence prevention programs; and (4) Recommendation by men and local leaders to enhance men’s participation in GBV prevention programs. These findings showed a lack of knowledge about GBV among men who live in Nyagatare, shed light to socio-cultural beliefs that hinder men to participate in programs tailored to prevent GBV, and revealed the preferences of men on how to shape programs that facilitate and encourage their participation to these programs. Conclusion: This study underscores GBV prevention programs' transformative impact on men's attitudes toward gender-based violence, enhancing awareness and promoting gender equality. Despite persistent barriers like social stigma and cultural norms, integrating these initiatives into community programs can improve men’s engagement. Establishing dedicated men's clubs for GBV prevention and providing continuous training and peer-led education are crucial. This approach encourages participation, helps normalize discussions on GBV, and fosters sustainable engagement.