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Community Involvement in One Health Interventions and Mapping of Livestock Movements in Nyagatare District in the Eastern Province of Rwanda
Date Issued
2025-01-22
Author(s)
Jonathan Izudi
University of Global Health Equity
Shema Hugor
University of Global Health Equity
Abstract
Purpose:
This study explored the participation of people involved in livestock in One Health(OH) interventions targeting zoonotic disease control in Nyagatare District, Eastern Province, Rwanda. Also, the study mapped and characterized external livestock movements in Nyagatare District.
Methods:
A multimethod study employing qualitative and quantitative approaches were used. For the qualitative component, data collection involved in-depth interviews (IDIs), key informant interviews (KIIs), and focused group discussions (FGDs) targeting livestock farmers, veterinary officers, health and environmental officers, and community animal health workers. Participants were sampled through purposive and convenience approaches. Content analysis was conducted. For the quantitative component, a retrospective review of animal movement permits was used and centrality metrics were computed using Social Network Analysis (SNA).
Results:
The study found participation mainly in capacity building, community-based education about zoonotic diseases, environmental measures aimed at preventing zoonotic diseases, implementing measures that interrupt the route of zoonotic disease transmission, multi-sectoral collaboration, compliance with zoonotic disease prevention and control measures, and zoonotic disease surveillance and livestock vaccination. External livestock movement for 2023 demonstrated that the cattle markets supplied substantially to Nyarugenge, Gasabo, Rulindo, Bugesera, and Rusizi, districts. The cattle markets of Nyendo, Kirebe, Rwabiharamba, Ryabega, and Nshuli, and the districts of Bugesera, Kirehe, Rwamagana, Gatsibo, and Kicukiro presented the closest paths. The small ruminants only originated from the Kirebe market and supplied mainly Rubavu and Nyarugenge Districts. SNA showed Ryabega cattle market as the main departure point during the short rainy season. Nshuli, Nyendo, and Kirebe were markets during the long dry season and long rainy season. All markets were essential during the short dry season. Seasonal fluctuations for small ruminants were slightly varied between the wet and dry seasons.
Conclusion:
Community members play various roles in OH activities aimed at controlling zoonotic diseases, but their involvement is limited to disease prevention and control. There is a lack of community involvement in the planning/coordination of measures for helping them overcome zoonotic diseases. Cattle markets with high livestock movement can potentially contribute to the spread of zoonotic diseases across Rwanda.
This study explored the participation of people involved in livestock in One Health(OH) interventions targeting zoonotic disease control in Nyagatare District, Eastern Province, Rwanda. Also, the study mapped and characterized external livestock movements in Nyagatare District.
Methods:
A multimethod study employing qualitative and quantitative approaches were used. For the qualitative component, data collection involved in-depth interviews (IDIs), key informant interviews (KIIs), and focused group discussions (FGDs) targeting livestock farmers, veterinary officers, health and environmental officers, and community animal health workers. Participants were sampled through purposive and convenience approaches. Content analysis was conducted. For the quantitative component, a retrospective review of animal movement permits was used and centrality metrics were computed using Social Network Analysis (SNA).
Results:
The study found participation mainly in capacity building, community-based education about zoonotic diseases, environmental measures aimed at preventing zoonotic diseases, implementing measures that interrupt the route of zoonotic disease transmission, multi-sectoral collaboration, compliance with zoonotic disease prevention and control measures, and zoonotic disease surveillance and livestock vaccination. External livestock movement for 2023 demonstrated that the cattle markets supplied substantially to Nyarugenge, Gasabo, Rulindo, Bugesera, and Rusizi, districts. The cattle markets of Nyendo, Kirebe, Rwabiharamba, Ryabega, and Nshuli, and the districts of Bugesera, Kirehe, Rwamagana, Gatsibo, and Kicukiro presented the closest paths. The small ruminants only originated from the Kirebe market and supplied mainly Rubavu and Nyarugenge Districts. SNA showed Ryabega cattle market as the main departure point during the short rainy season. Nshuli, Nyendo, and Kirebe were markets during the long dry season and long rainy season. All markets were essential during the short dry season. Seasonal fluctuations for small ruminants were slightly varied between the wet and dry seasons.
Conclusion:
Community members play various roles in OH activities aimed at controlling zoonotic diseases, but their involvement is limited to disease prevention and control. There is a lack of community involvement in the planning/coordination of measures for helping them overcome zoonotic diseases. Cattle markets with high livestock movement can potentially contribute to the spread of zoonotic diseases across Rwanda.
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